What Happened Today – August 24?

To be modern is not a fashion, it is a state. It is necessary to understand history, and he who understands history knows how to find continuity between that which was, that which is, and that which will be. – Le Corbusier

Understanding the history allows an individual to reflect on how the present modern times has come into existence, thus, gaining the power to shape future to an extent.

On this day:

1349 – 6000 Strong Jewish population was killed and burnt alive during the spread of Bubonic Plague in Mainz, Germany. When the people had little scientific understanding of the disease, Jews were made the scapegoat and were accused of spreading the disease.

1516 – The Battle of Marj Dabiq, between the Selim I of the Ottaman Empire and Mamluk Sultanate ends in the victory of Selim I and the capture of present day Syria. This also led to the future battles and conquest of Egypt by the Ottamans.

1608 – The first official English representative of the East India Company lands at the port in Surat, Gujarat for trade purposes. 7 years later the first factory is established headed by Sir Thomas Roe.

Bubonic Plague

Selim_I

First East India Company

1690 – Job Charnock, an employee of East India Company, establishes a factory in Calcutta. This is considered as the founding of the city of Kolkata. However in 2003, the Kolkata High Court ruled that the foundation date of the city is still unknown.

1814 – British troops invaded Washington City and burned multiple government and military buildings including the White House. This was in retaliation to the destruction caused by the American troops at Port Drover in Upper Canada.

1857 – The Ohio Life Insurance and Trust Company in New York suspended its payments. This was one of the events that led to the great economic crisis that lasted till the American Civil War in 1861.

1932 – First Transcontinental non-stop flight by a woman, Amelia Earhart, taking off from Newfoundland, Canada and landing at Culmore in Northern Ireland. The Journey lasted 14 hours and 56 minutes on a single engine Lockheed Vega 5B monoplane.

1976 – Soyuz 21 returns to Earth with two Russian Cosmonauts Boris Volynov and Vitaly Zholobov after just 49 days in space. Their short stay was reported to be development of acrid odor in the Salyut 5 space station.

The Ohio Life Insurance and Trust Company

Amelia Earhart

Soyuz 21

1991 – The Ukrainian Parliament adopted the Act of Declaration of Independence of Ukraine. Act was accepted in a special session arranged by the Ukrainian Parliament, (that lasted for 11 hours) with 321 votes in favour, 2 votes against and 6 abstentions.

1995 – Microsoft Windows 95 operating system was released for public use in North America.

1998 – First reported experiment with RFID (Radio Frequency Identification Device) implants was carried out by a British professor working with Cybernetics Kevin Warwick. He had the chip implanted in his own arm.

2004 – Two female Suicide bombers from Chechnya explode 2 different airplanes going out of Domodedovo International Airport near Moscow, resulting in the death of 90 people on board.

2006 – The definition of the term Planet is redefined by the International Astronomical Union. Thus “Pluto” which does not fulfill the criteria of a planet, is declared as dwarf planet and is removed from the list of planets in our Solar System.

The Ukrainian Parliament

Microsoft Windows 95

Pluto

What Happened Today – August 8?

History is the ship carrying living memories to the future. – Stephen Spender.

On this day:

1509 – Krishnadevaraya, one of the most powerful Hindu rulers of then India, is crowned the king of Vijayanagara Empire by defeating Sultans of Bijapur, Golconda, the Bahmani Sultanate and the Gajapatis of Odisha.

1854 – Smith & Wesson registered their patent for metal bullets for their revolvers. It was the first revolver with self contained ammunition.

1911 – 1 millionth patent was registered at the United States Patent Office, issued to Francis Holton regarding Tubeless Tires.

1929 – Graf Zeppelin started it’s around the world tour from Lakehurst, New Jersey. It arrived back at Lakehurst on 29 August with entire journey taking 21 days 5 hours and 31 minutes including stops at various places.

1949 – India signed a peace and friendship treaty with its neighbor Bhutan that includes returning 32 sq miles of Dewangiri territory to them.

Krishnadevaraya

Smith & Wesson First Revolver

Graf-Zeppelin

India-Bhutan

1966 – South African Government banned playing of all Beatles Songs due to some controversial remarks made by John Lennon on Christianity.

1988 – Temperature rose to a record high 88 degree Fahrenheit in New York City.

1988 – A nationwide protest against the government started by the students ended in the death of around 350-10000 people. It was also known as the 8888 uprising that also saw the rise of Aung San Suu Kyi as national icon.

1991 – Actor Gary Oldman was arrested for drunk driving and spent a night in a cell in Los Angeles. He was celebrating his recent success with fellow actor Kiefer Sutherland.

1992 – Germany wins men’s Hockey Gold Medal with a 2 -1 victory over Australia at the Barcelona Olympics.

1992 – Spain wins football Olympic Gold Medal defeating Poland 3-2 in Barcelona with the help of double strike from centre forward Kiko.

2000 – Submarine H.L Hunley was raised from the bottom of the sea after spending 136 years underneath. It played a small role in the American Civil War.

Aung San Suu Kyi

Gary Oldman

Submarine H L Hunley

2006 – Actor Sylvester Stallone settled lawsuit with former heavyweight boxer Chuck Wepner for an undisclosed amount. He alleged that Rocky film series drew inspiration from his boxing matches.

2018 – Academy Awards introduced a new category for achievement in popular films. Under heavy criticism the category was postponed for further examination.

2018 – Kepa Arrizabalaga is signed by Chelsea for a whooping 71.6 million Pound from Athletic Bilbao on a seven year contract. It is a record signing for a goalkeeper in a club transfer.

Sylvester Stallone & Chuck Wepner

Academy Awards

Kepa Arrizabalaga

What happened on this day – August 6?

History will judge us by the difference we make in the everyday lives of children. – Nelson Mandela

On this day:

1284 – The Republic of Pisa is defeated in the Battle of Meloria by the Republic of Genoa, thus losing its naval dominance in the Mediterranean

1777 – American Revolutionary War: The bloody Battle of Oriskany prevents American relief of the Siege of Fort Stanwix.

1806 – Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, declares the moribund empire to be dissolved, although he retains power in the Austrian Empire.

1819 – Norwich University is founded in Vermont as the first private military school in the United States.

1890 – At Auburn Prison in New York, murderer William Kemmler becomes the first person to be executed by electric chair.

1914 – World War I: First Battle of the Atlantic: Two days after the United Kingdom had declared war on Germany over the German invasion of Belgium, ten German U-boats leave their base in Heligoland to attack Royal Navy warships in the North Sea.

1926 – Gertrude Ederle becomes the first woman to swim across the English Channel.

1942 – Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands becomes the first reigning queen to address a joint session of the United States Congress.

1945 – World War II: Hiroshima, Japan is devastated when the atomic bomb “Little Boy” is dropped by the United States B-29 Enola Gay. Around 70,000 people are killed instantly, and some tens of thousands die in subsequent years from burns and radiation poisoning.

1962 – Jamaica becomes independent from the United Kingdom.

1991 – Takako Doi, chair of the Social Democratic Party, becomes Japan’s first female speaker of the House of Representatives.

1997 – Korean Air Flight 801 crashed at Nimitz Hill, Guam killing 229 of 254 people on board.

2001 – In Erwadi fire incident, 28 mentally ill persons tied to a chain were burnt to death at a faith based institution at Erwadi, Tamil Nadu, India.

2010 – Flash floods across a large part of Jammu and Kashmir, India, damages 71 towns and kills at least 255 people.

2012 – NASA’s Curiosity rover lands on the surface of Mars.

2015 – A suicide bomb attack kills at least 15 people at a mosque in the Saudi city of Abha.

What happened on this day – August 4?

If history repeats itself, and the unexpected always happens, how incapable must Man be of learning from experience. – George Bernard Shaw.

On this day:

367 – Gratian receives the title of Augustus under his father, Valentinian I.

1704 – Britain gained control of Gibraltar during the War of the Spanish Succession, with “The Rock” subsequently becoming a British colony and a symbol of British naval strength.

1783 – Mount Asama erupts in Japan, killing about 1,400 people. The eruption causes a famine, which results in an additional 20,000 deaths.

Augustus

The Rock of Gibraltar

Mount Asama

1790 – U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton established the Revenue Marine Service, which became the U.S. Coast Guard.

1796 – The Battle of Lonato of the French Revolutionary Wars, comes to an end with Napolean leading the French Army of Italy to victory.

1821 – Russian Antarctic expedition led by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen returns to Kronshtadt after becoming the 1st to circumnavigate Antarctica

1854 – The famous “Walden” or “A Life in the Woods,” by Henry David Thoreau was first published, selling just around 300 copies a year. In modern times, the classic is one of the classroom topics around the world.

1914 – Great Britain declared war on Germany, in response to the German invasion of Belgium, entering the World War I. President Woodrow Wilson formally proclaims the neutrality of the United States as the war begins in Europe.

1918 – Adolf Hitler receives The Iron Cross, a military decoration in Prussia for his bravery recommended by his Jewish superior Lieutenant Hugo Gutmann.

1936 – Jesse Owens wins his second Gold in the Berlin Olympics with a long jump of 8.06 meters beating German Luz Long. He later credited the victory to a technical advice given by Luz Long.

Walden Book

Adolf Hitler

Jesse Owens

1942 – United States and Mexico sign the Mexican Farm Labor Agreement, which led to the creation of Bracero Program, the largest guest-worker program in the US history, until its closure in 1964.

1944 – Anne Frank was arrested along with seven others by the Nazi Police in German occupied Amsterdam. She was hiding in an annex disguised behind a bookcase for 761 days. She maintained a diary (Later Known as Anne Frank diary) depicting her life through the hiding period.

1946 – An earthquake of magnitude 8.0 hits northern Dominican Republic, killing one hundred people and leaving 20,000 people homeless.

1975 – AIA building in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia which houses United States and Swedish embassies was captured by the Japanese Red Army, a terrorist organization. They demanded the release of their several imprisoned leaders in exchange for 53 hostages.

Bracero Program

Anne Frank

1995 – One of the last major battles of Croatian War of Independence, Operation Storm began. This victory was a major factor in the outcome of the Bosnian War.

2007 – Phoenix Spacecraft was launched by The United States of America from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. It landed on Mars on May 25, 2008 and operated till November 2^nd.

2012 – Oscar Pistorius of South Africa becomes the first amputee to compete at the Olympics by running in an opening heat of the men’s 400-meter.

Phoenix_Lander

Oscar Pistorius

2019 – 24 year old Connor Stephen Betts shoots down 9 people and wounded 17 others in just 32 seconds near the entrance of Ned Peppers Bar in Dayton, Ohio, United States. He was killed by the responding officers.

What Happened Today – August 3?

History is the short trudge from Adam to atom. – Leonard Louis Levinson.

On This Day:

1492 – Christopher Columbus, Italian Navigator, set sail with three ships from Palos de la Frontera to find new lands and landed on the islands Bahamas which is part of West Indies.

1527 – First ever Letter known to mankind was sent from (St John’s in Canada) North America by English Mariner John Rut.

1678 – Le Griffon, first ever sailing ship was built in The United States of America by French explorer Sieur de La Salle. It set sail in 1979 with 32 crew members.

1852 – First American athletic intercollegiate event a boat race was conducted between Harvard University and Yale University. Harvard became victorious.

1934 – After the death of the German President Paul Von Hindenburg on August 2^nd, Hitler became Fuhrer or the leader by merging the offices of German Chancellor and President.

1936 – An industrial town Kursha -2 in Russia was completely wiped out by a firestorm killing 1200 people and only 20 survived.

1946 – World’s first Themed Amusement Park, Santa Claus Land was opened Santa Claus, Indiana, U.S.

1996 – Andre Agassi wins men’s Singles Tennis gold beating Sergi Bruguera at the Atlanta Olympics.

2004 – Pedestal access at the Statue of Liberty was reopened to the public after the September 11 terrorist attack in 2001.

2004 – NASA’s MESSENGER Spacecraft was launched from the Cape Canaveral. It orbited Mercury from 2011 to 2015 studying geology, magnetic field and chemical composition of the planet.

2008 – Morgan Freeman, American actor was involved in an automobile accident when his car got flipped several times on the highway.

2010 – Widespread Riots began engulfing Pakistan that lasted around 3 days where 6 Pashtuns were killed and more than 100 people were injured with overall losses nearing 17 billion Pakistani Rupees. It was in reaction to the assassination of Muttahida Qaumi Movement party member and parliament member Raza Haider on Aug 2^nd.

2012 – Michael Phelps wins 100m Butterfly event in Swimming in the London Olympics bringing his tally of all time Gold to 17.

2014 – An Earthquake with the magnitude of 6.1 rips Yunnan province in China killing 617 people and injuring more than 2400.

2017 – Brazilian Soccer star Neymar is transferred from FC Barcelona to Paris Saint-Germain with a whooping 222 million Euros, a world record fee for 5 year contract.

What Happened Today – July 29?

History is a cyclic poem written by time upon the memories of man – Percy Bysshe Shelley

On this day:

1279 – Five emissaries dispatched by Kublai Khan from the Mongol Yuan dynasty are beheaded by Japan.

1588 – The Spanish Armada, the great fleet sent by King Philip II of Spain to invade England was defeated by an English naval force under the command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake, eight hours after it was first sighted by the English off Lizard Point, Cornwall.

1609 – Samuel de Champlain shoots and kills two Iroquois chiefs at Ticonderoga, New York setting the stage for French-Iroquois conflicts for the next 150 years

1715 – A hurricane was the cause of 10 Spanish treasure galleons to sink off Florida coast.

1836 – The Arc de Triomphe, the largest triumphal arch in the world, was officially inaugurated in Paris.

1872 – Nathaniel P. Langford and James Stevenson made the first ascent of Grand Teton, the highest peak of the Teton Range in Wyoming.

1900 – Italian King Umberto I was shot to death by an Italian-born anarchist, Gaetano Bresci, in Monza, Italy.

1905 – US Secretary of War William Howard Taft makes secret agreement with Japanese Prime Minister Katsura agreeing to Japanese free rein in Korea in return for non-interference with the US in the Philippines

1907 – Sir Robert Baden-Powell forms Boy Scouts in England.

1921 – Adolf Hitler becomes the leader of the National Socialist German Workers’ (NAZI) party, which ruled Germany as a totalitarian state from 1933 to 1945.

1954 – The first part of J.R.R. Tolkien’s fantasy epic “The Lord of the Rings” was published. The series was adapted into a series of blockbuster films in the early 2000s.

1958 – The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), a civilian agency responsible for coordinating America’s activities in space was established by the US Congress in a legislation passed.

1981 – Prince Charles married Lady Diana Spencer in a grand ceremony at St. Paul’s Cathedral, which was broadcasted live in 74 countries, with nearly one billion viewers.

1996 – Carl Lewis – the track and field legend, won his fourth consecutive Olympic gold medal in the long jump.

2000 – Brad Pitt and Jennifer Aniston, one of the Hollywood’s highest-profile couples, get married at the Malibu, California.

2015 – The Redmond giant Microsoft released Windows 10.

2016 – Hillary Clinton accepts the Democratic nomination for US President at Democratic convention in Philadelphia – first woman by a major US party

2019 – Record for longest run at the top of US singles chart made by country rap single “Old Town Road” by Lil Nas X remixed with Billy Ray Cyrus, No. 1 for 17 weeks

What Happened Today – July 28?

History is not history unless it is the truth – Abraham Lincoln.

We may not be aware of everything that conspired, and the accuracy of the historical events, but, a study of history makes even the start of the great World War I, a simple incident initiated by an individual, with no support from the government.

On This Day:

1586 – Potatoes were introduced to Europe for the very first time, with the return of Sir Thomas Harriot’s return to England.

1794 – Maximilien Robespierre, a radical Jacobin leader and one of the principal figures in the French Revolution, was guillotined before a cheering mob on the Place de la Révolution in Paris.

1821 – Peru got its independence from Spain. Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martin were instrumental in the South American war of Independence.

1868 – Slavery was abolished in The United States of America by the 14^th Amendment act in the US Constitution. According to the act it grants equal citizenship and equal protection of laws to all persons in USA including former slaves.

1914 – World War I begins that lasted till 11 Nov 1918. It all started when Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia after Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by Bosnian Serb Yugoslav nationalist Gavrilo Princip.

1932 – “White Zombie” the first ever zombie movie was released in New York. It was directed by Victor Harperin staring Bela Lugosi and is based on the book Zombie.

1945 – Betty Lou Oliver survived 75 stories fall inside an Elevator creating a world record. Due to fog a US army plane crashed into Empire State Building killing 14 people and cutting the elevator cable.

1954 – The classic film “On the Waterfront,” directed by Elia Kazan, featuring one of Marlon Brando’s most iconic performances—was released in the United States.

1959 – Postal codes are implemented in the United Kingdom.

1976 – Great Tangshan Earthquake with a magnitude of 7.6 on the richter scale shook Tangshan province in China at 3.42 am in the morning.  Within minutes 80% of the buildings in that area collapsed and resulted in the death of 242,000 people.

1991 – Miguel Indurain won his first Tour de France title. He went on to win 5 consecutive titles.

1996 – Skeletal remains of a prehistoric man named as Kennewick man was found on the bank of the Columbian river Kennewick, United States.

2008 – For the second time in 80 years, Historic Weston-super-Mare Grand Pier burns down again.

2016 – Earliest evidence of cancer found in 1.7 million-year-old toe fossil from Swartkrans Cave, South Africa, published in “South African Journal of Science”

2018 – This day witnessed the longest “blood moon” eclipse of the 21^st century, which lasted for 1 hour and 43 minutes.

What Happened Today – July 26?

Everyone has a history. What you do with it is up to you. Some repeat it. Some learn from it.

The really special ones use it to help others. – John Mark Green

On This Day:

1775 – Establishment of the U.S Postal Service by the Second Continental Congress. Benjamin Franklin was named the first Postmaster General.

1865 – New Zealand’s capital was moved from Auckland to Wellington. The argument over the new location for more central capital had been going for more than a decade.

1908 – Founding of FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) with Stanley Finch being the first Director. It was initially named as BOI (Bureau of Investigation) which again changed to DOI (Division of Investigation) and finally FBI in 1935.

1945 – British Prime Minister Winston Churchill resigns in the 11^th of World War II, as his party lost the election.

1948 – American President Harry S. Truman signs an Executive order abolishing discrimination in the U.S Military, where black American soldiers were segregated and subjected to menial jobs.

1956 – Seuz Canal was captured by the Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser, who nationalized it and collected tolls from the passing ships. This was in retaliation to U.S reneging on the promise of funds for construction of Aswan Dam on river Nile.

1965 – Maldives gained its independence from British.

1982 – Indian Bollywood star Amitabh Bachchan was fatally injured during the shoot of the movie “Coolie” and was hospitalized. He underwent multiple surgeries to his abdomen and went into coma. He was even declared dead for few minutes before coming back to life.

1990 – “General Hospital” which according to the Guinness Book of World Records is the longest running soap opera in the U.S recorded its 7000^th episode.

1999 – End of the Kargil War between India and Pakistan that had been going on for 3 months. It started when Pakistani soldiers disguised as Kashmiri militants infiltrated the LOC (Line of Control) and captured vacated Indian Posts in the Kargil sector of Kashmir.

1971 – Photographer Diane Arbus committed suicide at the age of 48, who was known to capture portraits of people living on the edge of the society.

2018 – Facebook stocks drop roughly 20% with a loss of $120 billion. It was the worst day for any public company on Stock Market.

2019 – Meg Lanning scored a record 133 from 63 balls in International T20 against England at Chelmsford.

What Happened Today – July 25?

There is only one history of any importance, and it is the history of what you once believed in, and the history of what you came to believe in – Kay Boyle.

History has always been very important, as to know nothing of what happened before you took place on earth, is to remain a child forever and ever.

On this Day :

1814 –British engineer George Stephenson also known as Father of Railways introduces first steam locomotive for hauling coal. At present U.S.A has the largest railway systems in the world followed by Russia, Canada, China and India.

1832 – First railroad accident was recorded in the Granite Railway in U.S.A, where four people were thrown out of the vacant car with 1 casualty.

1902 – James J.Jeffries won his rematch with English boxer Bob Fitzsimmons with an Eighth round Knockout. Fitzsimmons was considered as one of the hardest punchers at that time.

1914 – W. G Grace, an English cricketer scored an unbeaten 66 in his last game of his career playing for the Eltham Cricket Club, just a week after his 66^th birthday.

1934 – After the Austrian Civil War, Austrian Nazis and German SS soldiers attempted a failed coup to dispose the ruling government in Vienna. This incident was also known as July Putsch.

1943 – Benito Mussolini, the Italian Premier, was placed under arrest by King Victor Emmanuel III, marking the fall of 21 years of Fascist rule in the Kingdom of Italy, also known as 25 Luglio.

1965 – Bob Dylan performed at the Newport Folk Festival with his electric guitar.  He was booed by the crowd. This is considered as the beginning of folk rock music.

1972 – U.S Health officials admit using African Americans as Guinea pigs for 40 years in Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment. Though Penicillin was available since 1947 as natural antibiotic treatment, they wanted to determine if the disease had a different effect on African Americans than on Caucasians.

1981 – Anti-aparthied protestors invade the ground in Hamilton, New Zealand canceling the rugby game between New Zealand’s All Blacks and South Africa’s Springboks.

1982 – Giani Zail Singh is sworn in a Seventh President of India, serving till 1987. He was associated with Indian National Congress party before being elected.

1999 – In the 86^th Tour de France, Lance Armstrong wins his first of the seven consecutive titles. Later all he achievements were disqualified due to drug cheating.

2007 – India elects its first female president, Prathiba Patil. She previously served as governor of Rajasthan from 2004 to 2007.

2018 – Scientists from the European Space Agency reported the existence of a sub-glacial lake about 1.5 kilometers below the southern polar ice cap on Mars. This was the first known existence of stable water body on Mars.

2018 – Political party Pakistan Tehreek-e-insaf lead by former Pakistan International cricketer Imran Khan wins the general elections, marred by violence and bombings that killed 31 people.

What happened Today – July 24?

History is Philosophy teaching by examples – Thucydides

Starting with everything simplest thing we do, like eat, walk, talk, everything is embedded in History, and it is very much necessary to study the past, if you have to define the future.

On this day:

1534 – Jacques Cartier, a French-Breton explorer landed in Canada and claimed it for France

1567 – Mary Queen of Scots (reign from December 1542 to July 1567) was forced to abdicate with her 1-year-old son becoming the King James VI of Scots

1673 – Edmund Halley, the second Astronomer Royal in Britain, enters The Queen’s College, Oxford, as an undergraduate

1758 – George Washington, the first US President, elected to Virginia House of Burgesses representing Frederick County

1824 – Harrisburg Pennsylvanian newspaper publishes results of 1st public opinion poll, with a clear lead for Andrew Jackson

1832 – Benjamin Louis Eulalie de Bonneville, US Army officer, leads the first wagon train across the Rocky Mountains by Wyoming’s South Pass

1847 – Brigham Young leads 148 fellow Mormon pioneers into the Salt Lake Valley after 17 months of travel, establishing Salt Lake City.

1866 – After the American Civil War, Tennessee became the first U.S. state to be readmitted to the Union

1880 – First commercial hydroelectric power plant in the world begins generating electricity in Grand Rapids, Michigan

1897 – Amelia Earhart, the first woman to fly alone across the Atlantic Ocean, was born in Atchison, Kansas

1911 – American explorer Hiram Bingham discovers Machu Picchu, the Lost City of the Incas, a 15th-century Inca citadel set high in the Andes Mountains in Peru, above the Urubamba River valley

1915 – The passenger liner SS Eastland capsized in the Chicago River, in one of the worst maritime disasters in history, killing more than 840 people

1917 – Mata Hari (Margaretha Geertruida “Margreet” MacLeod, a Dutch exotic dancer and courtesan, went on trial, for spying for Germany during World War I

1923 – The Treaty of Lausanne, the final treaty concluding World War I, was signed at Lausanne, Switzerland

1941 – Franklin D. Roosevelt, the President of United States, demands Japanese troops out of Indo-China

1943 – Operation Gomorrah: Royal Air Force begins bombing Hamburg (till 3rd August), creating a firestorm and killing 42,600 people

1952 – “High Noon”, American Western film directed by Fred Zinnemann, starring Gary Cooper and Thomas Mitchell, was released

1959 – Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev and U.S. Vice President Richard M. Nixon engaged in the “kitchen debate” at an American exhibition in Moscow

1967 – First modern hospice St Christopher’s founded by Dr. Cicely Saunders in London, England, beginning of modern palliative care and the hospice movement

1969 – Apollo 11 Returns to Earth

1969 – Jennifer Lopez, the American singer-songwriter, one of the highest-paid Latina actresses in history was born

1982 – Single “Eye Of The Tiger” by Survivor from “Rocky III” starts its 6-week run at No. 1 on the US charts, before earning a Grammy for Best Rock Performance

1998 – “Saving Private Ryan” the World War II drama starring Tom Hanks, released and went on to earn five Academy Awards

2005 – American cyclist Lance Armstrong became the first rider to win the Tour de France seven times. He also retired on this day. But, after investigation into the doping conspiracy, he was revealed to be a major figure and was stripped of all his titles in 2012

2019 – Global warming is the fastest in 2,000 years. Scientific consensus reports Humans to be the 99% cause, in three major reports published in journals “Nature” and “Nature Geoscience”

2019 – 19-year-old Hungarian swimmer Kristóf Milák breaks Michael Phelps’ 10 year old 200m butterfly world record at the World Championships in Gwangju, South Korea; swims 1:50.73, 0.78s faster than Phelps

This Day – July 23 – In History!

History is the witness of the past, the light of the truth, the living memory, the teacher of life, the messenger of antiquity. – Marcus Tullius Cicero

History is just simply having the life of the dead in the memory of the living, as the past should serve as a lesson to the future, in an effort to attain the best possible life. It is a way to learn from mistakes that you have not even committed.

On this Day:

685 – John V begins his reign as Catholic Pope

1215 – Frederick II crowned King of the Romans (King of the Germans) in Aachen

1798 – Napoleon captures Alexandria, Egypt

1827 – 1st US swimming school opens in Boston, Massachusetts

1829 – William Austin Burt patents America’s first “typographer” (typewriter)

1840 – Union Act passed by British Parliament, uniting Upper & Lower Canada

1872 – African American inventor Elijah McCoy is granted a patent for lubricators for steam-engines

1904 – Ice cream cone created during St Louis World Fair – the 1st cone reputedly by Charles E. Menches

1944 – Conference of Bretton Woods signed; IMF operations begin

1952 – The Free Officers, a military group led by Colonel Gamal Abdel Nasser, overthrew King Farouk I of Egypt, ending the monarchy

1961 – American opera singer Grace Bumbry becomes the first black singer to perform at the Bayreuth Festival, Germany, she earns 42 curtain calls

1966 – Frank Sinatra’s album “Strangers In The Night” is No. 1 on the US charts, (Grammy for Record Of The Year and Best Male Vocal Performance)

1995 – Comet Hale-Bopp is discovered and becomes visible to the naked eye nearly a year later

1997 – Slobodan Milošević became president of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (comprising Serbia and Montenegro) after serving as president of Serbia from 1989

2000 – British Open Men’s Golf, Royal Lytham & St. Annes: Tiger Woods beats Thomas Bjørn and Ernie Els by 8 shots to win his first Open title; becomes youngest player at 24 to win all 4 major titles

2010 – One Direction is formed during the X Factor show as Niall Horan, Harry Styles, Liam Payne, Zayn Malik and Louis Tomlinson join together

2015 – NASA’s Kepler mission announces discovery of the most Earth-like planet yet – Kepler-452b, 1,400 light years from Earth

2019 – Boris Johnson is chosen the new British Prime Minister by the ruling Conservative Party to replace Theresa May

This Day – July 15 —- In History

The more you know about the past, the better prepared you are for the future – Theodore Roosevelt

It’s hard to know everything that had happened in history. But, at least a few important events, that changed our way of living, should be remembered.

On July 15 –

1903 – K. Kamaraj, founder of the Indian National Congress, Kingmaker in Indian Politics.

1918 – World War I: Second Battle of Marne began.

1934 – Continental Airlines Commences operations.

1937 – Japanese attack Marco Polo Bridge, invade China

1938 – Arthur Fagg became the first batsman to score double centuries in both innings of a match, in first-class cricket history, with 244 and 202 for Kent v Essex at Colchester.

1944 – Greenwich Observatory damaged by WW II flying bomb.

1948 – US President Harry Truman nominated for another term.

1955 – 18 Nobel laureates sign the Mainau Declaration against nuclear weapons, which was later co-signed by 34 more laureates.

1959 – The US steel strike of 1959 began on this day, which led to the significant importation of foreign steel for the first time in United States history.

1965 – First ever pictures of Mars received from Mariner IV

1972 – “Honky Chateau” becomes Elton John’s first No. 1 album in the United States.

1974 – The first suicide in a live broadcast – TV news reporter Christine Chubbuck shot herself live on TV WXLT-TV, Florida.

1984 – John Lennon’s “I’m Stepping Out” was released posthumously.

1988 – “Die Hard” starring Bruce Willis and Alan Rickman, was released in the United States.

2002 – A. P. J. Abdul Kalam was elected 11th President of India, but the results were announced after three days.

2006 – Twitter was launched publicly.

2009 – “Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince” the 6^th installment was released worldwide.

2012 – A Russian Soyuz rocket with an international team launches for a mission to the International Space Station.

2016 – “Stranger Things” debuts on Netflix, starring Winona Ryder and Millie Bobby Brown.

2018 – Boxing legend Manny Pacquiao stops Lucas Matthysse, a WBA welterweight champion, for his first knockout in 9 years, marking his 60th career victory.

2018 – Novak Đoković wins his 4th Wimbledon title beating South African Kevin Anderson 6-2, 6-2, 7-6.